...Jianguo Xin When a drop of coffee dries on the counter-top, it leaves a dense, ringlike stain along its perimeter. Solids immersed in a drying drop will migrate toward the edge of the drop and form a solid ring. Such phenomena create ringlike stains and happen for a wide variety of surfaces...

... emulsions stratified flow elastodynamics hydrodynamics flow visualisation drops two-phase flow emulsions elastohydro dynamic lubrication oil droplets high-speed photography Oil-in-water emulsions are widely used as lubricants in metal forming and machining where non-flammable...

... and allowing faster cutting speeds. The metalworking fluid also reduces the friction between the tool and the workpiece, thus increasing tool life and improving the surface finish on the workpiece 1 . machining metals cutting machine tools cooling drops evaporation condensation heat transfer...