... area of contact has been modeled. The model makes predictions of the coefficient of friction and wear using fundamental models. The results suggest that particles would reduce the real area of contact and, therefore, decrease the friction force. Also, particles could induce abrasive wear by scratching...

... come into contact, will result in a fragmented area of contact and high local contact stress. wheel/rail contact ultrasound contact pressure real area of contact ultrasonic reflection mechanical contact wheels rails wear fatigue ultrasonic materials testing surface roughness...

...Wei Peng, Student Member ASME; Bharat Bhushan, Fellow ASME A new numerical model for the three-dimensional contact analysis of a layered elastic–perfectly plastic half space with another rough surface is presented. The model is based on a variational principle in which the real area of contact...