A method is presented for site-specific design of wind turbines where cost of energy is minimized. A numerical optimization algorithm was used together with an aeroelastic load prediction code and a cost model. The wind climate was modeled in detail including simulated turbulence. Response time series were calculated for relevant load cases, and lifetime equivalent fatigue loads were derived. For the fatigue loads, an intelligent sensitivity analysis was used to reduce computational costs. Extreme loads were derived from statistical response calculations of the Davenport type. A comparison of a 1.5 MW stall regulated wind turbine in normal onshore flat terrain and in an offshore wind farm showed a potential increase in energy production of 28% for the offshore wind farm, but also significant increases in most fatigue loads and in cost of energy. Overall design variables were optimized for both sites. Compared to an onshore optimization, the offshore optimization increased swept area and rated power whereas hub height was reduced. Cost of energy from manufacture and installation for the offshore site was reduced by 10.6% to 4.6¢. This reduction makes offshore wind power competitive compared with today’s onshore wind turbines. The presented study was made for one wind turbine concept only, and many of the involved sub models were based on simplified assumptions. Thus there is a need for further studies of these models.

Issue Section:
Technical Papers
Keywords:
wind turbines, wind power plants, power generation planning, optimisation, power generation economics
Topics:
Design, Ocean engineering, Optimization, Stress, Wind, Wind farms, Wind turbines, Wakes, Rotors
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