The present study investigated the behavior of friction and heat transfer coefficients of water flowing turbulently in a relatively long (i.e., 950 diameter long) circular pipe. When a large heat flux was applied at the wall, the viscosity of water significantly decreased along the axial direction due to the increasing temperature of water. A concept of a “redeveloping region” was introduced, where the local heat transfer coefficient increased while the local friction coefficient decreased due to the above-mentioned viscosity change. The present study proposed the use of local bulk-mean temperature to determine local Nusselt numbers by using local Reynolds (ReLB) and Prandtl numbers (PrLB), a method that automatically took into account the effect of axial viscosity change on the evaluation of local heat transfer coefficients. A new turbulent heat transfer correlation for the prediction of the local Nusselt number is given as Nux=0.00425ReLB0.979PrLB0.4(μw/μb)−0.11⁠.

Issue Section:
Forced Convection
Keywords:
Forced Convection, Measurement Techniques
Topics:
Friction, Heat flux, Heat transfer, Pipe flow, Turbulence, Water, Heat transfer coefficients, Viscosity, Forced convection, Pipes, Temperature, Turbulent heat transfer, Water temperature
1.
Allen, R. W., 1959, “Measurements of Friction and Local Heat Transfer for Turbulent Flow of a Variable Property Fluid (Water) in a Uniformly Heated Tube,” Ph.D thesis, University of Minnesota.
2.
Allen
R. W.
, and
Eckert
E. R. G.
,
1964
, “
Friction and Heat-Transfer Measurements to Turbulent Pipe Flow of Water (Pr = 7 and 8) at Uniform Wall Heat Flux
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
86
, pp.
301
–
310
.
3.
Choi, E., 1993, “Forced Convection Heat Transfer With Water and Phase-Change-Material Slurries: Turbulent Flow in a Circular Tube,” Ph.D thesis, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA.
4.
Deissler
R. C.
,
1951
, “
Investigation of Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer in Smooth Tubes, Including the Effects of Variable Fluid Properties
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
73
, pp.
101
–
107
.
5.
Deissler
R. C.
,
1954
, “
Heat Transfer and Fluid Friction for Fully Developed Turbulent Flow of Air and Supercritical Water With Variable Fluid Properties
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
76
, pp.
73
–
85
.
6.
Dittus, F. W., and Boelter, L. M. K., 1930, “Heat Transfer in Automobile Radiators of the Tubular Type,” Univ. Calif. (Berkeley) Pub. Eng., Vol. 2, pp. 443–461.
7.
Gnielinski
V.
,
1976
, “
New Equations for Heat and Mass Transfer in Turbulent Pipe and Channel Flow
,”
International Chemical Engineering
, Vol.
16
, No.
2
, pp.
359
–
368
.
8.
Hartnett
J. P.
,
1955
, “
Experimental Determination of the Thermal-Entrance Length for the Flow of Water and of Oil in Circular Pipes
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
77
, pp.
1211
–
1220
.
9.
Kays, W. M., and Crawford, M. E., 1980, Convective Heat Transfer, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
10.
McAdams
W. H.
, and
Frost
T. H.
,
1922
, “
Heat Transfer
,”
The Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
, Vol.
14
, No.
1
, pp.
13
–
18
.
11.
McAdams
W. H.
, and
Frost
T. H.
,
1922
, “
Heat Transfer by Conduction and Convection. II—Liquids Flowing Through Pipes
,”
The Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
, Vol.
14
, No.
12
, pp.
1101
–
1105
.
12.
McAdams
W. H.
, and
Frost
T. H.
,
1924
, “
Heat Transfer for Water Flowing Inside Pipes
,”
Refrigerating Engineering
, Vol.
10
, No.
9
, pp.
323
–
334
.
13.
Morris
F. H.
, and
Whitman
W. G.
,
1928
, “
Heat Transfer for Oils and Water in Pipes
,”
The Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
, Vol.
20
, No.
3
, pp.
234
–
240
.
14.
Petukhov
B. S.
,
1970
, “
Heat Transfer and Friction in Turbulent Pipe Flow With Variable Physical Properties
,”
Advances in Heat Transfer
, Vol.
6
, pp.
503
–
564
.
15.
Sieder
E. N.
, and
Tate
G. E.
,
1936
, “
Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Liquids in Tubes
,”
The Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
, Vol.
28
, No.
12
, pp.
1429
–
1435
.
16.
Wolf
H.
,
1959
, “
Heating and Cooling Air and Carbon Dioxide in the Thermal Entrance Region of a Circular Duct With Large Gas to Wall Temperature Differences
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
81
, pp.
267
–
279
.
This content is only available via PDF.
Copyright © 1995
 by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.