In this paper, we present a new model, called the TAR model, for calculation of droplet/wall impingement. Using this model, we find that the critical Weber number for rebound is not a constant. It varies with the droplet radius. For large drops, the critical Weber numbers and rebound velocities predicted by the TAR model agree with experimental results very well. Whereas, the predicted hydrodynamic behavior of small droplets is very different from that of large drops. This conclusion is significant for modeling engine spray/wall interaction.

1.
Akao
F.
,
Araki
K.
,
Mori
S.
, and
Moriyama
A.
,
1980
, “
Deformation Behaviour of a Liquid Droplet Impinging onto a Hot Metal Surface
,”
Transactions of Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
, Vol.
21
, pp.
737
743
.
2.
Anders
K.
,
Rath
N.
, and
Frohn
A.
,
1993
, “
The Velocity Change of Ethanol Droplets during Collision with a Wall Analyzed by Image Processing
,”
Experiment of Fluids
, Vol.
15
, pp.
91
96
.
3.
Araki, K., and Moriyama, A., 1982, “Deformation Behaviour of a Liquid Droplet Impinging on a Hot Metal Surface,” International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems (ICLASS-82), University of Wisconsin.
4.
Bai
C.
, and
Gosman
A. D.
,
1995
, “
Development of Methodology for Spray Impingement Simulation
,”
SAE Journal of Engines
, Vol.
104
, pp.
550
568
.
5.
Chandra
S.
, and
Avedisian
C. T.
,
1991
, “
On the Collision of a Droplet with a Solid Surface
,”
Proceedings of Royal Society (London)
, Series A
432
, pp.
13
41
.
6.
Lamb, H., 1932, Hydrodynamics, Dover Publication, New York.
7.
Naber
J. D.
, and
Reitz
R. D.
,
1988
, “
Modeling Engine Spray/Wall Impingement
,”
SAE Journal of Engines
, Vol.
97
, pp.
118
140
.
8.
Naber
J.
,
Enright
B.
, and
Farrell
P. V.
,
1988
, “
Fuel Impingement in a direct Injection Diesel Engine
,”
SAE Journal of Fuels and Lubricants
, Vol.
97
, pp.
430
443
.
9.
Naber
J. D.
, and
Farrel
P. V.
,
1993
, “
Hydrodynamics of Droplet Impingement on a Heated Surface
,”
SAE Journal of Engines
, Vol.
102
, pp.
1346
1361
.
10.
Nagaoka
M.
,
Kawazoe
H.
, and
Nomura
N.
, “
Modelling Fuel Spray Impingement on a Hot Wall for Gasoline Engines
,”
SAE Journal of Engines
, Vol.
103
, pp.
878
896
.
11.
O’Rourke, P. J., and Amsden, A. A., 1987, “The Tab Method for Numerical Calculation of Spray Droplet Breakup,” Society of Automotive Engineers Paper, No. 872089.
12.
Park
K.
, and
Watkins
A. P.
,
1996
, “
Comparison of Wall Spray Impaction Models with Experimental Data on Drop Velocities and Sizes
,”
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow
, Vol.
17
, pp.
424
438
.
13.
Shih
L. K.
, and
Assanis
D. N.
,
1991
, “
Implementation of a Fuel Spray Wall Interaction Model in KIVA-II
,”
SAE Journal of Engines
, Vol.
100
, pp.
1498
1512
.
14.
Stow
C. D.
, and
Hadfield
M. G.
,
1981
, “
An Experimental Investigation of Fluid Flow Resulting from the Impact of a Water Drop with an Unyielding Dry Surface
,”
Proceedings of Royal Society (London)
, Series A
373
, pp.
419
441
.
15.
Taylor, G. I., 1963, “The Shape and Acceleration of a Drop in a High Speed Air Stream,” The Scientific Papers of G. I. Taylor, G. K. Batchelor, ed., Vol. III, University Press, Cambridge.
16.
Wachters
L. H. J.
, and
Westerling
N. A. J.
,
1989
, “
The Heat Transfer from a Hot Wall to Impinging Water Drops in the Spheroidal State
,”
Chemical Engineering Science
, Vol.
21
, pp.
1047
1056
.
17.
Wang
D. M.
, and
Watkins
A. P.
,
1993
, “
Numerical Modeling of Diesel Spray Wall Impaction Phenomena
,”
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow
, Vol.
14
, No.
3
, pp.
301
312
.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.