... between impact velocity and the minimum impact times was established when a hard internal short circuit (ISC) appeared to evaluate the dynamic safety of the LIBs. These results can provide guidance for the crashworthiness design and safety assessment of the batteries under multiple impacts. The mass...

..., the safety behavior of a pouch battery under mechanical abuse conditions is numerically investigated using a simultaneously coupled mechanical–electrochemical–thermal model. The short-circuit and electrochemical–thermal responses of lithium-ion batteries under various mechanical abuse conditions...