... ′ 0 6 × 3 θ i 1 i 2 0 3 × 6 0 3 × 3 ) A new T9-T3(e)-c element is developed to resolve problems in the traditional T9-c element. Local curvilinear coordinates have been successfully implemented for irregular curved...

... of assembly for gradients discontinuity Fig. 8 Two types of n ( a ) n , cross product on nodes and ( b ) n ¯ , cross product on Gauss points Two types of n (a) n, cross product on nodes and (b) n¯, cross product on Gauss points Fig. 6 Local curvilinear coordinates on each node...